Deca-BDE (Decabromodiphenyl), is one of the most commonly used flame retardants being used in textile products and is widely used among retailers in both the USA and Europe. It is a member of the Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) family which have been extensively used as flame retardants in household products for decades. However, although ‘Deca’ is currently allowed, the penta- and octa-BDE variants of this substance are known to be toxic and have already been widely restricted in the USA and Europe (EU Directive 2003/11/EC).

“Arguments against banning Deca-BDE seem to revolve around the theory that its molecules are too big to be absorbed in the human body”, according to Hong Kong testing house SGS. “So far, some industries have voluntarily eliminated the use of Deca-BDE in manufacturing processes and are looking for alternatives to replace Deca-BDE.”

The initiated action to ban Deca-BDE in Washington is believed to have inspired other states to take action and various proposals for its restriction are now being considered in Maine, Illinois and Minnesota – especially in home furnishings and mattresses.

Some retailers in Europe are now looking at halogen-free alternatives to these commonly used flame retardants.

From 2008, a manufacturer who knowingly produces, sells, or distributes a prohibited product such as Deca-BDE in Washington State will have to recall the product and may be subject to civil penalties.